hvRKeiY
ms¯‹vi
k¨vgj †Rgm& M‡gR
cÖkœ: gÐjxi cÖ‡qvR‡b Awfwl³ n‡Z †mwgbvix‡Z wKfv‡e cÖv_x©‡`i Dchy³
MVb I wkÿv †`Iqv hv‡e? Awfwl³‡`i wKfv‡e avivevwnK wkÿv, MVb I mg_©b †`Iqv hv‡e?
f~wgKv: `xÿvmœvb ms¯‹v‡ii gva¨‡g Avgiv †hgb gÐjx‡Z cÖ‡ek Kwi, Hk mšÍvb e‡j
AwfwnZ nB, †Zgwb ivRKxq, hvRKxq I cÖvew³K evYx †NvlYv Kivi mygnvb `vwqZ¡I jvf
K‡i _vwK| Lªx‡ói evYx cÖPv‡i mneZx© n‡Z, cig wcZvi ivR¨ cÖwZôv Ki‡Z me©cwi
ms¯‹vixq Kv‡Ri ga¨ w`‡q f³‡me‡Ki Dci HkK…cvivwk Avbq‡bi Rb¨ Ck¦‡ii AvnŸv‡b
mvov`vbK…Z e¨w³ Aci Lªxó nIqvi c‡_ GwM‡q hvq| Z‡e wewfbœiK‡gi cwi‡ek, ev¯ÍeZvq
RvwZ-ag©-eY© wbwe©‡k‡l mKj gvby‡li Kv‡Q Lªx‡ói evYx cÖPv‡ii Rb¨ RxebvnŸv‡b
mvov`vbK…Z e¨w³‡K Aek¨B MVb, cÖwkÿY Ges wkÿv AR©b Ki‡Z nq| Avi †mwgbvix nj Ggb
GKwU M„n †hLv‡b fwel¨‡Zi hvRK cÖv_x© evYxcÖPviK, wbt¯^v_© fv‡e ci‡mevq
AvZ¥`vbKvixMY mgwš^Z MVb jvf K‡i _v‡Kb| A_©vr HkZvwË¡K ev ˆcÖwiwZK MVb QvovI
eyw×e„wËK, gvbweK, Ava¨vwZ¥K Ges cvjKxq MVb wkÿv jvf Kivi ga¨ w`‡q wb‡R‡K cÖ¯‘Z
K‡i fwel¨‡Z Ck¦‡ii n‡q KvR Kivi Rb¨|
2q fvwZKvb gnmfvi g‡Z: hvRKxq Rxe‡bi Rb¨ cÖv_x©‡`i MVb I Zv‡`i‡K
my‡hvM¨ K‡i M‡o †Zvjvi Rb¨ †mwgbvix ev MVbM„n LyeB ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welq| gvZvgÐjx GB
welqwU wb‡q Mfxifv‡e wPšÍv, a¨vb I w`Kwb‡`©kbv `vb K‡i| MVb cÖv_x©‡`i eyw×MZ I
Ava¨wZ¥K MV‡bi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Dcjwä K‡i 2q fvwZKvb gnvmfv ÔhvRKxq MVb welqK wb‡`©kbvgvqÕ D‡jøL K‡i, ÒAvnŸv‡bi A¼ziMy‡jvi
jvjbv‡_© ¯’vwcZ cÖv_wgK †mwgbvix‡Z we‡kl agx©q MVb Øviv Ges we‡kl fv‡e Dchy³
Ava¨vwZ¥K cwiPvjbv Øviv Qv·`i cÖ¯‘Z Ki‡Z n‡e hv‡Z Zviv ü`q I wbg©j AvZ¥v wb‡q
gyw³`vZv Lªx‡ói AbymiY Ki‡Z cv‡iÓ (hvRKxq MVb 3)|Ab¨w`‡K hvRKxq cÖwkÿ‡Yi Rb¨
D”P †mwgbvixi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Ab¯^xKvh©| ÔevYxi †mev‡_© cÖv_x©‡`i cÖwkÿY w`‡Z n‡e
hv‡Z Zviv Ck¦‡ii cÖKvwkZ evYxi Ávb AbeiZ evov‡Z mÿg nq, a¨v‡bi gva¨‡g †mB evYx
AvZ¥¯’ Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges wb‡R‡`i K_v I RxebvPi‡Y †mB evYx cÖKvkI Ki‡Z cv‡iÕ (hvRKxq
MVb 4)| ZvB cvjKxq †mev`v‡bi welqwU mvg‡b †i‡L cÖv_x©‡`i Ava¨vwZ¥K, gvbwmK I
wbqg-k„sLjvi wel‡q Zv‡`i cÖwkÿ‡Yi mKj Dcv`vb mgwš^Z Ki‡Z n‡e|
‡mwgbvix‡Z Awfwl³ n‡Z cÖv_x©‡`i Dchy³ MVb I wkÿv:GUv mZ¨ K_v †h, Ab¨‡K MVb,
wkÿv †`Iqv eoB KwVb KvR ¸wji GKwU KvR hw` bv e¨w³ Zv MÖnY Kivi g‡bvfve wb‡Ri
g‡a¨ ˆZix K‡i| †mwgbvix MVbM„n¸wj‡Z cÖv_x©‡`i mgwš^Z MVb, wkÿv I cÖwkÿY †`IqvB
cÖavb jÿ¨ D‡Ïk¨| gvZvgÐjxi cÖ‡qvR‡b Awfwl³ n‡Z †mwgbvix‡Z MVb cÖv_x©‡`i wKfv‡e
MVb I wkÿv Ges Awfwl³‡`i wKfv‡e avivevwnK wkÿv, MVb Ges mg_©b †`Iqv hv‡e Zvi
KZ¸wj welq Zz‡j aiv n‡jv|
mgwš^Z Rxeb MV‡b ¸iæZ¡v‡ivc: †mwgbvix‡Z MVbcÖv_x©‡`i MVb Rxe‡bi cÖavb I cÖ_g
w`KwU nIqv DwPZ mylg I mgwš^Z RxebwU A_v©r Avav¨wZ¥K, eyw×e„wËK, gvbweK I
cvjKxq MV‡bi w`KwU| MVbcÖv_x©‡`i Ava¨vwZ¥K Rxeb‡K myMfxi ag©ZvwË¡K I cvjKxq
MV‡bi mv‡_ my`ÿ Ava¨vwZ¥K cwiPvj‡Ki ga¨¯’Zvq, mnvqZvq m¤úK©hy³ Ki‡Z n‡e| MVbKvR
Ggb n‡Z n‡e hv‡Z MVbcÖv_x©MY Lªx‡ói ga¨ w`‡q cweÎ AvZ¥vi ms‡hv‡M wcZvi mv‡_
wbweo I wbiewQbœ m¤ú‡K© Rxebhvcb Ki‡Z cv‡i, cÖK…Z eÜzi b¨vq Lªx‡ói mvnP‡h©
_vKvi Af¨vm †hb Zv‡`i g‡a¨ M‡o D‡V| Aciw`‡K Zviv †hb Dchy³ wkÿv I MVb jvf Kivi
gva¨‡g Lªxóf³‡K Lªx‡ói wb¯Ívi in‡m¨ cwiPvwjZ Ki‡Z, cÖv_©bvq I a¨v‡b Lªxó‡K
A‡š¦lY Kiv‡Z mÿg nq, Zvi Dci AwaK ¸iæZ¡ cÖ`vb Ki‡Z n‡e|
wewfbœ wel‡q wkÿv I
cÖwk¶‡Y AskMÖn‡Yi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv I DcKvwiZv: wewfbœ wel‡q wk¶v
†bevi Rb¨ †mwgbvixi Aa¨qY mnvqK n‡Z cv‡i| Gi gva¨‡g Avgiv a‡g©i A‡bK wKQz Rvb‡Z
cvwi| mgMª wkÿv I Z_¨ Ges Z‡Ë¡i cÖvY nj cweÎ evB‡ej- †m wel‡q wk¶v wb‡q, cvV
K‡i Aby‡cÖiYv cvIqv hvq, cwiÎvY inm¨ wel‡q Mfxi Ávb cvIqv hvq| GB †ÿ‡Î gÐjxi KZ…©cÿ
I MVb`vZvMY †hb MVbM„‡ni MVbcÖv_x©, Qv·`i cvjKxq, Ava¨vwZ¥K, ˆbwZK MV‡bi Rb¨ ‡mevKvR
I `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib| †mwgbvix nj ZË¡g~jK wk¶vi GK mgvR| ‡mwgbvixi ag©MZ, e¨w³K,
`jxq, eyw×MZ I k„sLjv msµvšÍ welq¸wj RwoZ‡`i cvjKxq w`‡K cwiPvjbv K‡i| GB Rb¨ †mwgbvix‡Z
mK‡ji mgwš^Z MV‡bi Rb¨ †Póv I e¨e¯’v MÖnY Kiv cÖ‡qvRb e‡j g‡b Kwi| ÒgÛjxi j¶¨
nj Gme wel‡q gvby‡li Ávb †hb µgvMZ e„w× cvq Ges cwieZ©bkxj hy‡Mi eZ©gvb
mgm¨vw`i cÖwZ I Zvi mgvavbK‡í cwiPvwjZ M‡elYvi cÖwZ mhZœ g‡bv‡hv‡Mi gva¨‡g GKB
m‡Z¨ wek¦vm I hyw³i wgjb †hb Av‡iv ¯úóiƒ‡c cÖZxqgvb nq|Ó (Lªxwóq wk¶v welqK
†NvlYvcÎ 10)|gvbyl ¯^ag©mn mywkw¶Z n‡j bvbv Áv‡b Zv‡`i AšÍi Av‡jvwKZ n‡e|
d‡j Zviv me msKxY©Zv I eÜb †_‡K gy³ n‡q mªóvi a¨v‡b wbweó n‡Z cvi‡eb| ZvB
cÖwZwbqZ Zv‡`i A‡bK wk¶v I Ávb `iKvi| Z‡e wk¶v I Áv‡bi †¶‡Î gÐjxi bvbv cÖwZôvb
GK‡Î KvR Ki‡Z cvi‡j †ekx Kj¨vY Avm‡Z cv‡i|
cvi¯úwiK mn‡hvwMZv I
mgš^qt mevi
Kj¨v‡bi Rb¨fwel¨‡Zbvbv ch©v‡qi Kv_wjK wk¶v cªwZôvb¸wji g‡a¨ ag©xq wk¶v I M‡elYv
wel‡q †hvMv‡hvM, †hŠ_ Kvh©µg I mgš^q mvab Ki‡Z ‡Póv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| evsjv‡`‡ki
D”P Lªxóvb cÖwZôvb¸wji g‡a¨ me iKg mn‡hvwMZv, Av`vb cÖ`vb evov‡bv I GK‡Î Kvh©µg
Av‡qvRb Kivi m¤¢ebv †`Lv `iKvi| ‡hgb GK‡Î Av‡jvPbv, M‡elYvi djvdj ci¯úi‡K AewnZ
Kiv, cÖ‡qvR‡b wk¶K wewbgq Kiv, GK‡Î wk¶v Kvh©µg Pvjy Kiv BZ¨vw`| Zvn‡j fwel¨‡Z
Gme c`‡ÿc †mwgbvixqvb‡`i I ag©xq weÁvb¸wji †¶‡Î
A†bK Dbœqb Avm‡Z cv‡i|
ag©xq -cvjKxq
cÖwk¶‡bi e¨e¯’v Ri“ix :wewfbœ wel‡q Aa¨qb ïay hvRK‡kªYxi g‡a¨
mxgve× _vKv DwPZ bqeis Av‡iv GK avc GwM‡q Zv nj fwel¨‡Z hvRK nevi Rb¨ GB AvnŸvb
Rxe‡b Avm‡Qb †mB MVbcÖv_x©‡`i, Ggb wK f³M‡YiIG me wel‡q Aa¨qb Kiv cÖ‡qvRb
i‡q‡Q| Ab¨w`‡K GUv gvÛjxK KZ…©c‡¶i `vwqZ¡ Zv‡`i G AwaKvi Abykxjb Kivi Rb¨ Zv‡`i
Rb¨ my‡hvM K‡i †`qv|Dchy³ Ávb I HkZvwË¡K wk¶v `iKvi †hb Zviv h_v‡hvM¨ fv‡e
Zv‡`i †mevKvR K‡i †h‡Z cv‡i|
cvjKxq Kv‡Ri Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq welq¸wj
‡mwgbvixi mKj Qv·K mh‡Zœ wk¶v w`‡Z n‡e:cvjKxq Kv‡Ri Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq welq¸wj ‡mwgbvixi
mKj Qv·K mh‡Zœ wk¶v †`Iqv GKvšÍ `iKvi| ZvB GB cÖm‡½ ejv nq †h: Òwelq¸‡jv n‡”Q
cÖavbZt ag©wk¶v, evYxcÖPvi, c~R©vPbv, ms¯‹vivbyôvb, `qvi KvR, hviv åvwšÍi g‡a¨
i‡q‡Q I hviv Awek¦vmx Zv‡`i mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM e¨vcv‡i Zv‡`i KZ©e¨ Ges Ab¨vb¨
cvjKxq Kvh©mg~n| gvbevZ¥v cwiPvjbvi Kjv‡KŠk‡ji wel‡q Zv‡`i mwVKfv‡e wk¶v MÖnY
Ki‡Z n‡e| GBfv‡e Zviv cÖ_gZt gÛjxi mKj m`m¨‡K Ggb Lªxwóq Rxe‡bi MVb`v‡b mg_©
n‡e hv m¤ú~Y© fv‡e m‡PZb I ˆcÖwiwZK| Zv‡`i KZ©e¨ cvj‡bi ˆbwZK `vwqZ¡‡eva Zv‡`i
g‡a¨ RvMÖZ Ki‡ZI Zviv m‡Pó n‡eb| GKB cÖKvi DÏxcbvmn Zv‡`i wkL‡Z n‡e †Kgb K‡i
mbœ¨vmeªZx I mbœ¨vmeªwZbx‡`i wbR wbR Avnev‡b AUj _vK‡Z Ges hvi hvi cÖwZôv‡bi
AšÍvf©ve Abymv‡i AMÖmi n‡Z Zviv mvnvh¨ Ki‡e|Ó (hvRKxq MVbÓ welqK
wb‡`©kbvgv- 19)| eZ©gv‡b cvjKxq †¶‡Î A‡bK RwUj, KzwUj mgm¨v we`¨gvb| ZvB
†mwgbvixqvb I Ab¨ mevi g‡a¨ e¨vcK cvjKxq cÖwk¶Y Pvjv‡bv AwZ Ri“ix|
gÐjxi cvjKxq `vwq‡Z¡ wb‡qvwRZ e¨w³M‡Yi
`vwqZ¡ I KiYxq:gÐjxi cvjKxq `vwq‡Z¡ wb‡qvwRZ e¨w³M‡Yi `vwqZ¡i‡q‡Q mKj MVbcÖv_x©
I Lªxóf‡³i Ava¨vwZ¥K MVb `v‡bi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq e¨e¯’v Kiv| gÐjxi wk¶v fzj fv‡e
e¨vL¨v we‡kølY ev weK…Z bv K‡i †hb Zviv wk¶v †`b| GB wkÿv n‡e mnR mij fvlvq I gvby‡li
†evaMg¨ g~jK Ges HkZ‡Ë¡i c×wZ I cwiwai Aax‡b †_‡K| G‡Z wk¶v I e¨vL¨vq f³‡`i
wek¦vm cwic° I weï× n‡e|
MVbcÖv_x©‡`i MVb I wkÿvi wbwg‡Ë wKQy
civgk©: fwel¨‡Z gvby‡li mv‡_ KvR Kivi Rb¨ GKRb MVbcÖv_x© ev
†mwgbvixqvb‡K Aek¨B gvb‡li mv‡_ my›`i m¤úK© m„wó Ki‡Z n‡e| gvbyl, cwi‡ek I
ev¯ÍeZv ey‡S Kv‡R nvZ †`Iqv DwPZ| ag©cjøx I evYx cÖPv‡ii KvR †Kgb Pj‡Q,
Lªxóf³‡`i RxebhvÎvi Ae¯’v, K¨v‡UwLó †Kgb Ges Ab¨vb¨ mvwe©K welqvw` †Kgb P‡j Zvi
m¤ú‡K© mg¨K aviYv I Ávb _vKv cÖ‡qvRb| MVbcÖv_x© ev †mwgbvixqvb‡`i Ab¨vb¨ hvRK
ev cy‡ivwnZ m¤ú‡K©I aviYv _vK‡Z n‡e, Zv‡`i wewfbœ wel‡q ÁvZ Ki‡Z Ges my›`i
m¤úK© ivL‡Z n‡e| wfZ‡i evB‡i mgm¨v mgv‡jvPbv _vK‡ZB cv‡i Z‡e G‡ÿ‡Î Av‡jvPbv,
cvi¯úvwiK mym¤ú‡K©i ‡ÿ‡Î †hb †Kvb iKg weiƒc g‡bvfve I cÖwZwµqv m„wó bv nq|
Lªxóxq wewfbœ Dcvmbvq fw³fve, A_©c~Y© cÖKvk †hb _v‡K| MVbcÖv_x©‡`i wkL‡Z n‡e †h †Kvb iKg
fvb ev hvwš¿KZv w`‡q bq eis bgª, fw³ I MÖnYxq g‡bvfve w`‡q gvbe ü`q Rq Kiv hvq|
cÖv_©bvq ü`q †hb Ly‡j hvq Ges Hk Avkx©ev`
MÖnY Ki‡Z Dcvmbvq Ah_v A½f½x, bovPov, cÖwZwµqv †_‡K weiZ _vK‡Z wkL‡Z n‡e
hv Dcvmbv Abyôv‡b †hgb cÖfve †d‡j †Zgwb f³‡`i g‡a¨I †bwZevPK cÖfve †d‡j|
†mwgbvixqvb‡`i †mfv‡e wkÿv MÖnY I ¯^Mx©q fve m„wó Ki‡Z wkL‡Z n‡e hvi ga¨ w`‡q hyeK
ev wkïiv gRv cvq Ges wkL‡Z AvMÖn cÖKvk K‡i| wi‡RÝx‡Z _vKv Kvjxb mg‡q fvlv
my›`i, gvwR©Z, iæwPkxj I ¯úó nIqv cÖ‡qvRb| `ye©jZv Rq Kiv DwPZ, gvby‡li gv‡S
Gme Ki‡Z †M‡j my›`i iæwPkxj n‡Z n‡e| GZ`~i Avmvi ciI hw` wkÿvi g‡a¨ mgš^q bv
_v‡K Z‡e wK jvf? Zvn‡j Ab¨iv AbycÖvwYZ n‡e bv| K_v, AvPvi AvPiY †_‡KIwKš‘ gvbyl
†mwgbvixqvb‡`i eyS‡Z Ges wPb‡Z cv‡i, ZvB e¨enviI ‡hb †miƒc my›`i I gvayh©c~Y©
nq|MVbcÖv_x© †mwgbvixqvb ev Qv·`i Áv‡b eywׇZ Av‡iv cvKv n‡Z n‡e, KviY Zv‡`i
Ab¨‡`i Pvjv‡Z n‡e| hvwš¿Khy‡M fvj Rvb‡Z n‡e, wek¦vm a‡i ivL‡Z n‡e, †`Lv‡Z n‡e
†hb ZvivI eyS‡Z cv‡i| K_v, AvPi e¨envi fvj n‡Z n‡e I me wKQz‡Z mgš^q _vK‡Z n‡e|
fwel¨Z hvRK ev Qv·`i Av‡iv †ekx mnvbyf~wZkxj _vK‡Z n‡e, gvbyl‡K Zviv Av‡iv
†ekx m¤§vb I gh©v`v w`‡Z wkL‡e| †mwgbvixqvbiv `~Z‡`i gZ msev` wb‡q hv‡e-Zviv me
mgq Zrci _vK‡e A‡b¨i Kv‡Q cÖfzi evYx wb‡q †h‡Z| †mwgbvixqvb‡`i AskMÖnY Kivi
g‡bvfve _vK‡Z n‡e| gÐjxi Rb¨ †Póv Ki‡Z n‡e|
fwel¨‡Zi Rb¨ wKQz
wPšÍv I cÖ¯Íve-Ab¨vb¨ †`‡ki b¨vq Avgv‡`i †`‡k †mwgbvixi ag©wk¶v welqK
cÖwk¶‡Y wbqwgZ AskMÖnY e„w×i Rb¨fvj wPšÍvfvebv, cwiKíbv, mgq, welq I †jvKevQvB
¸i“Z¡c~Y© welq n‡Z cv‡i| ag©xq Rxe‡b Av‡Q wKš‘ hviv †`‡ki evB‡i †h‡Z cv‡ib bv
ZvivI wKQz wKQz ev¯Íe wel‡q h_v‡hvM¨ cÖwk¶Y wb‡Z cvi‡j fvj nq| mKj Lªxóf‡³i Rb¨
we‡klfv‡e hviv ag©cÖPvi Kv‡R wb‡qvwRZ Zv‡`i Rb¨ HkZË¡, `k©b, evB‡ej, wek¦vmZË¡,
gvÐjxK AvBb, Dcvmbv, bxwZkv¯¿, LªxógÐjxi BwZnvm, mgvRweÁvb, cÖf„wZ Rvb‡Z,
eyS‡Z, †mAbymv‡i c`‡¶c MÖnY Ki‡Z †mwgbvix‡Z cÖwk¶Y Gi my‡hvM m„wó Ki‡Z n‡e|
cÖ‡qvR‡b wKQz D‡`¨vMx Lªxóf³I †hb G‡Z AskMÖnY Ki‡Z my‡hvM wb‡Z ev †c‡Z cv‡ib|
1.
fwel¨Z hvRK cÖv_x©, eªv`vi wmóvimn me©mvavi‡Yi Rb¨
‡mwgbvix‡Z bvbv ai‡Yi cÖwk¶Y, †mwgbvi †hgb HkZË¡, Mvb, BZ¨vw` †`‡ki gÐjxi Rb¨ eo
DcKvi e‡q Avb‡Z cv‡i| ZvB my‡hvM myweav ey‡S Gme welq¸wj cybivq Pvjy Ki‡Z c`‡¶c
MÖnY Kiv `iKvi| A_©vr weev‡n, Dcvmbvq, †`kxqKiY, Dc‡hvMxKiY cÖf„wZ wel‡q ‡hmKj
M‡elYv I KvR Kiv n‡q‡QZv Pjgvb ivLv|
2.
MVbcÖv_x© QvÎ QvÎx‡`i wk¶v †`Iqvi c×wZ wn‡m‡e ‡cvc g‡nv`q
KZ©„K †jLv I cÖKvwkZ ag©cÎ, wk¶v ev we‡kl †jLv¸wj wb‡q KvR Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|
‡mwgbvixi cÖvq mKj‡K RwoZ K‡i ‡mme Abyev` Kiv, †evaMg¨, mnR mij fvlvq cª¯‘Z K‡i
gvby‡li g‡a¨ Qwo‡q †`qv, Zv‡`i Rvbv‡bv, wk¶v †`qv gÐjxi Rb¨ ¸i“Z¡c~Y© GK
†mevKvR n‡Z cv‡i|
3.
gÐjxi wewfbœ wel‡q wk¶vg~jK wKQz M‡elYv, †jLv‡jwL Kiv ‡h‡Z
cv‡i| †hgb Dcvmbv, Lªxóhv‡Mi wbqgbxwZ, weevn, ˆbwZKZv, cvwievwiK Rxeb BZ¨vw`|
cÖ‡Z¨K MVb cÖv_x©iB Dcvmbv wel‡q Mfxi Ávb _vKv `iKvi| ag© wel‡q Aa¨qb K‡i a‡g©i
Mfxi mZ¨ wel‡q Rvbv,wewfbœ cÖwk¶‡Y †hvM w`‡q gÐjxi wfZ‡i bevqbAvbv| fwel¨‡Zi
Rb¨ bvbv eB, cwÎKv, cÖKvk GKwU Kvh©Kix
f~wgKv n‡Z cv‡i| G cÖm‡½ M‡elYvI GK eo K_v|
4.
Avgv‡`i †`‡k HkZvwË¡K I ag©wel‡q ch©vß fvj cvV¨ eB †hgb bvB
ej‡jB P‡j †Zgwb Avevi cÖKvkbvi KvRI Lye axi MwZ‡Z P‡j| wewfbœ wel‡q D”P wk¶v
MÖnY Ki‡jI A‡b‡K Dc‡iv³ wel‡q Lye †ekx ZrciZv †`Lv hvq bv| A‡b‡K co‡Z PvB‡jI
Zv‡`i cÖ‡qvRbxq DcKiY †bB| ZvB hvRK I f³RbMY mevB‡K GK‡Î ‡¯^”Qvq I
mycwiKwíZfv‡e HkZvwË¡K I ag©wel‡q ch©vß fvj cvV¨ eB iPYvi †ÿ‡Î KvR Ki‡Z n‡e|
Avi †mwgbvix nj GK we‡kl ¯’vb †hLv‡b M‡elYvi gva¨‡g Áv‡bi cÖmvi N†U|
5.
mgq my‡hvM ey‡S †mwgbvixi MVbcÖv_x© QvÎQvÎxmn mevi Rb¨
¯’vbKvj cvΆf‡` gv‡S gv‡S wewfbœ Dc‡`k, Av‡jvPbv, mfv- †mwgbvi, e³…Zv cÖf„wZi
gva¨‡g gÐjx bevqb Kiv, gvbyl‡K HkZ‡Ë¡i aviYv †`qv cÖ‡qvRb| A‡bK†K †mwgbvixi
wk¶vq DrmvwnZ Ki‡Z n‡e, my‡hvM w`‡Z n‡e †hb Zviv Lªxwóq ag©wk¶vq Drmvnx n‡q
ÒeZ©gvb mgv‡R, we‡kl K‡i eyw×Rxex gn‡j gÐjxi Kj¨vYKi KvR‡K †Rvi`vi Ki‡Z m¶g n‡Z
cv‡i| GB fv‡e ‡mwgbvix‡Z ag©wk¶v, †jLv, cvjKxq KvR, ev¯Íe wk¶v cÖf„wZi gva¨‡g
QvÎQvÎx‡`i e¨vcK I Kvh©Kix MVb †`evi c`‡¶c †bIqv DwPr|
Awfwl³‡`i avivevwnK wkÿv, MVb I mg_©‡bi
e¨vcv‡i wKQz w`K:Awfwl³ hvRKMY hviv BwZg‡a¨ gnvhvRK Lªx‡ói hvRK‡Z¡ Askx`vi
n‡q‡Qb Zv‡`i mvgwMÖK Rxebv cÖYvjx Ges Ava¨vwZ¥KZv wKš‘ HkRbMY‡K wN‡i| f³‡`i
Ava¨vwZ¥K Dbœq‡b mnvqZv `v‡bi mv‡_ mv‡_ ZvivI e¨w³fv‡e Ava¨vwZ¥KZvq e„w× jvf
K‡ib| hw`I Zviv hvRK Z_vwc Zviv cÖwZw`b Aa¨vZ¥ mvabv I wbišÍi cÖ‡Pôv Pvjvb
Lªx‡ói b¨vq cÖK…Z hvRK nevi| ZvivI gvbyl Ges bvbv `ye©jZvq Av”Qbœ| ZvB Awfwl³
nevi ci ewj wKsev cÖexY hvRK‡`i K_vB ewj Zv‡`i Rxe‡bi wPšÍv-†PZbv, KvRKg©,
`k©b, †mev Kivi evmbv, Kg©cwiKíbv, wkÿv mvgwMÖK w`K we‡ePbv K‡i mg_©b †`Iqv
Avgv‡`i mK‡ji Hk `vwqZ¡ I KZ©‡e¨i g‡a¨ c‡o| KZ¸wj welq g‡b ivLv fvj-
1| jÿ¨ I D‡Ïk¨ c~i‡Y mg_©b †`Iqv: hvRK Ges eªZavix
hvRK ev †h †Kvb m¤cÖ`vqf³ hvRKB ewj bv †Kb mevB GKB Lªx‡ói hvRK‡Z¡ AskMÖnY K‡i
_v‡K| ZvB Zv‡`i jÿ¨ I D‡Ïk¨ †hgb GK †Zgwb Zv‡`i ga¨Kvi m¤úK©, cv¯úvwiK
fvZ…Ë¡‡eva mgvb fv‡e _vKv cÖ‡qvRb| ZvB hvRK wn‡m‡e e¨w³MZ Ges mgwóMZ Kj¨vY mvab,
GKvZ¥Zv, fvZ…Z¡‡eva, msnwZ M‡o †Zvjv, gvZvgÐjxi Rxeb, cvjKxq Kv‡R mgwš^Z fv‡e
G‡K Aci‡K mvnvh¨-mn‡hvMxZv, mg_©b, cv‡k _vKv, GKvšÍ gvbexq Ges HkwiK KvR e‡j
Avwg g‡b Kwi|
2| hvRK‡K G‡K Ac‡ii RxebhvÎvq AskMÖnY: Aci Lªxó n‡q GKRb
hvRK Lªx‡ói b¨vq mevi AK…wÎg eÜz n‡q D‡V, ZvB GKB hvÎv c‡_i AwfhvÎx wn‡m‡e
hvR‡Ki `vwqZ¡ nj LªxóevYx cÖPvi I cÖmv‡i fvB cy‡ivwnZ‡K cvi¯úvwiK mvnvh¨-mg_©b
`vb Kiv, hvRKxq Rxe‡b cweÎZv AR©‡bi I Ava¨vwZ¥KZv jv‡fi †ÿ‡Î GK‡hv‡M cÖ‡Pôv
Pvjv‡bv, hvRKxq Rxeb I ˆcÖwiwZK Kv‡Ri AwfÁZv G‡K Ac‡ii mv‡_ Av`vb-cÖ`vb Kiv Ges
gvZvgÐjxi me©Kv‡R we‡kl fv‡e cvjKxq Kv‡R AwaKZi mvnvh¨-mn‡hvMxZv `vb Kiv Riæix
Ges Avek¨K e‡j Avwg g‡b Kwi|
3| D‡Ïk¨ ev¯Íevq‡b Kg©m~wP MÖnY: cÖwZwU hvRKB Rxe‡bi
g~jgš¿ ev g‡Uv wb‡q GB ms¯‹vixq Rxe‡b cÖ‡ek K‡i| ZvB GB Hk Rxe‡bi Pjvi c‡_
wewfbœ jÿ¨, D‡Ïk¨ I w`Kwb‡`©kv ev¯Íevqb Ki‡Z cÖ‡Pôv Ae¨vnZ ivL‡Z nq| GKB hvRKxq
fvZ…mgv‡R AskMÖnY K‡i GB Rxe‡bi Avmj ¯^v` MÖnY Ki‡Z ˆewPÎgq Kg©cÖ‡Pôv Pvjv‡bv
cÖ‡qvRb| †hgb; wbqwgZ fv‡e gvwmK I evwl©K wbR©b a¨vb Kiv, erm‡i GKevi
mvaviYmfvq †hvM †`Iqv, hvRK‡`i wewfbœ wel‡qi Dci cÖwkÿ‡Yi e¨e¯’v MÖnY Kiv,
wewfbœ mfv-†mwgbvi, Kg©wkwei, LÛKvjxb BZ¨vw` cÖwkÿ‡Yi e¨e¯’v MÖnY, wewfbœ
ag©ms‡Ni mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM iÿv I mn‡hvMxZv e„w× Kiv, gvwmK, ˆÎgvwmK, ®§vbvwlK Ges
evwl©K cwÎKv-g¨vMvwRb-wjc‡jU cÖKvk K‡i wPšÍv-†PZbv, Rxeb `k©b gZvgZ cÖKvk Kiv,
wewfbœ ag©cÖ‡`‡ki ag©cjøx, cÖwZôvb BZ¨vw`i mv‡_ cwiPq I AwfÁZv jv‡fi Rb¨ †m¸‡jv
cwi`k©b Kivi gva¨‡g hvRK mgvR G‡K Aci‡K mvnvh¨-mn‡hvMxZv I mg_©b cÖ`vb Ki‡Z
cv‡i|
4| mgm¨v I `yw`©‡b hvR‡Ki cv‡k _vKv:GKRb hvRK Av‡iKRb
hvRK‡K †hgb ey‡S mvaviY gvbyl Zv KL‡bv eyS‡Z ev Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| ZvB fvB hvR‡Ki
`yw`©‡b, †ivM-kh¨vq,wec‡` Avc‡` cv‡k `uvwo‡q mvnm mÂvi Kivi mv‡_ mv‡_ iÿvI Ki‡Z
cv‡i| e¨w³MZ Rxe‡b A‡bK mgq cÖjvfb, bvix MwVZ mgm¨v Avm‡ZB cv‡i Z‡e Zv †_‡K
iÿv, cwiÎvY †c‡ZGKRb hvRKB Av‡iK Rb
hvRK‡K Afq I c_ †`Lv‡Z cv‡i| wec` Avmvi m¤¢vebv _vK‡j Av‡M †_‡KB mZK© K‡i fvB
cy‡ivwnZ‡K iÿv Kiv Av‡iKRb hvR‡Ki ˆbwZK `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨| GQvov ag©cjøxi wewfbœ
mgm¨vi mgq ˆbwZK mg_©b `vb I mgm¨v mgvav‡b Ab¨vb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq mn‡hvwMZv cÖ`vb K‡i
Avgiv Awfwl³ hvRK‡K mg_©b w`‡Z cvwi| Ab¨ w`‡K Amy¯’ fvB cy‡ivwnZ‡`i cv‡k †_‡K
mvšÍbv, mvnm-g‡bvej-ˆah© ‡hvMv‡Z cvwi, Zv‡`i mywPwKrmvi Rb¨ cÖ‡hvRbxq e¨e¯’v
Avgiv wb‡q †mevi nvZ cÖmvi Ki‡Z cvwi|
5| bZzb Awfwl³ hvRK: be Awfwl³ me hvRK‡`i
g½j Kvgbv, mn‡hvMxZv I mg_©b `vb Kiv cÖexY hvRK‡`i `vwqZ¡| be Awfwl³ hvRKMY †hb
cÖÁvevb, AwfÁ I bxwZevb hvR‡Ki ZË¡veav‡b †_‡K Hk ivR¨ we¯Ív‡ii Rb¨ cvjKxq,
ms¯‹vixq I cÖvew³K KvR Kivi, †kLvi I AwfÁZv Kivi my‡hvM jvf Ki‡Z cv‡i †mB w`KwU
we‡ePbv Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| Zv‡`i‡K mwVK w`K wb‡`©kbv `vb, wm×všÍ MÖn‡Yi †ÿ‡Î
mn‡hvMxZv cÖ`vb Kiv, †Kvb KvR wK fv‡e m¤úv`b Ki‡j fv‡jv GB wkÿv ¸wj AwfÁ hvRKMY
w`‡Z cv‡ib| Z‡e GB †ÿ‡Î be Awfwl³ hvR‡KiI eo f~wgKv i‡q‡Q| bZzb hvRK wn‡m‡e
Zv‡K wkÿv MÖn‡Yi, ˆah©-w¯’i m¤úbœ g‡bvfve ivL‡Z n‡e, bgª I MÖnYxq g‡bvfv‡ei
AwaKvix n‡Z n‡e| AvM evwo‡q †Kvb wKQz Ki‡Z hvIqv DwPZ bq eis cvjK cy‡ivwnZ I
Ab¨vb¨ fvB cy‡ivwnZ‡`i mvnvh¨ mn‡hvMxZv †bIqvI Zvi `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨ e‡j Avwg g‡b
Kwi|
6| cÖwZwU ag©cÖ‡`‡k hyeK dv`vi‡`i Rb¨ GKwU `j _vKv Ges
Zv‡`i‡K mwVK w`K wb‡`©kbv, cwiPvjbv `vb Kivi Rb¨ GKRb AwfÁ, `~i`kx©, wgïK
¯^fv‡ei cÖexY dv`vi _vKv cÖ‡qvRb, whwb Zv‡`i mnfvwMZv I hvRKxq Rxe‡bi, AwfÁZvi
wewfbœ K_v ïb‡eb Ges mwVK fv‡e Zv‡`i civgk© `vb Ki‡eb|
7| ÿgZv ev cÖfzZ¡ Kivi gb gvbwmKZv Aek¨B
eR©b Ki‡Z n‡e| KviY †mevi Rxe‡b GB mKj welq ¸wj KwVb evuav Ges †`qvj n‡q
cÖwZeÜKZvi m„wó K‡i| ZvB `vwqZ¡ PvIqv, ÿgZvi Ace¨envi bq eis AÜ-†Mvuovgx cwinvi
K‡i bgªZv, Z¨vMx I ms‡kva‡bi g‡bvfve wb‡q GB †mevi KvR Ki‡Z GwM‡q †h‡Z n‡e|
Ab¨w`‡K ag©cjøx‡Z, ¯’vbxq chv‡©q mevB‡K
mgvb †Pv‡L †`L‡Z n‡e, ghv©`v w`‡q Zv‡`i myL-`yt‡Li K_v ïb‡Z n‡e Ges mevi
g‡a¨ mgvb `„wó w`‡q †mev I mvnv‡h¨i KvR Pvwj‡q †h‡Z n‡e|
8| cvjK cy‡ivwnZ Ges mnKvix cvjK
cy‡ivwnZ,
ag©cjøx‡Z _vKv wm÷vi‡`i mv‡_ fvj †mŠnva©¨ g~jK m¤úK© m„wói Rb¨I †Pôv _vK‡Z n‡e
Dfq cÿ‡K| cvi¯úvwiK m¤úK© mylg, mnfvwMZv Ki‡Z gv‡S g‡a¨ GK mv‡_ e‡m dv`vi
wm÷viMY wewfbœ welq wb‡q Av‡jvc Av‡jvPbv, GK‡hv‡M mnfvwMZv, wm×všÍMÖnY Ki‡Z
cv‡ib| GB ‡ÿ‡ÎI Ab¨vb¨ hvRK wKsev ag©cÖ‡`‡ki wekc ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv ivL‡Z cv‡ib|
9| gvZvgÐjx, mgv‡Ri ˆbwZK, gvbexq wkÿv I
g~j¨‡eva¸wji Dci †ekx K‡i ¸iæZ¡ w`‡Z n‡e|†h me welq Ges `„óvšÍMy‡jv gvbyl‡K Kó
I e¨_v †`q †hgb; ˆelg¨, A‰bwZKZv, D‡Ïk¨nxb Ges GKK fv‡e KvR Kiv, g~j¨vqb bv Kiv
ev †nquvjxcbv BZ¨vw` Aek¨B eR©b Ki‡Z n‡e|
10| g½jmgvPvi cÖPv‡ii mgq hxï A_© Kwo,
mnvq m¤ú` me wKQ Z¨vM Ki‡Z e‡j‡Qb| hw`I ev ev¯ÍeZv wfbœ Ges †mevKv‡Ri myôz
w`Kwb‡`©kbv I cwiPvjbv Kivi †ÿ‡Î A‡_©i cÖ‡qvRbI Ab¯^xKvh©| Zvi ciI mKj hvRK‡`i
g‡b ivLv `iKvi A_© Øviv me wKQz Kiv hvq bv eis A‡bK †ÿ‡ÎB evYx cÖPv‡i eo evuav
n‡q `vuov‡Z cv‡i| ag©cjøxi wewfYœ mnvq m¤úwË, UvKv-cqmvi mwVK I wek¦¯Í fv‡e
e¨env‡ii †ÿ‡Î cweÎ g‡bi gvbyl n‡Z n‡e|
11| eZ©gvb AvaywbK RMZ: G bvbv ai‡Yi gva¨g
ev Dcvq i‡q‡Q me wKQz m¤úv`b Kivi GB †ÿ‡Î hvRKI wcwQ‡q †bB| Z‡e AvaywbK RMZ I
msmv‡ii mv‡_ mwVK fv‡e Zvj wgwj‡q Pj‡Z wkL‡Z n‡e| KviY hvKR GB msmv‡ii g‡a¨
†_‡KI msmv‡ii †KD bb| eZ©gvb ev¯ÍeZvi hyMjÿY ey‡S KvR Ki‡Z n‡e|
12| cÖhyw³i myôz e¨envi: cÖhyw³i d‡j GB RMZ
msmvi `ªæZMwZ‡Z GwM‡q hv‡”Q mvg‡bi w`‡K| hvRKMYI GB cÖhyw³i mg~n dj †fvM Ki‡Z
cv‡i| Z‡e cÖhyw³i e¨envi Zv‡K Rvb‡Z I wkL‡Z n‡e hv‡Z K‡i cÖhyw³i †Kvb Dcv`vb
†hgb B›Uvi‡bU, †gvevBj †dvb, Kw¤úDUvi, †dmeyK, IqvBdvB BZ¨vw` gva¨g ¸wj hvRK‡K
MÖvm bv Ki‡Z cv‡i| eis GB cÖhyw³i ïf`vb ¸wj‡K Kv‡R jvwM‡q wKfv‡e Ck¦‡ii KvR‡K
Av‡iv cÖmvi I cÖPvi Kiv hvq me©cÖvYxi Kv‡Q Zvi Rb¨ mevZ¥©K †Pôv _vKv DwPZ e‡j
g‡b Kwi|
13| aŸsmvZ¥K g‡bvfve cwinvi: K_vq e‡j ÔhvRKB
Av‡iKRb hvRK‡K cvwb‡Z †WvevqÕ mZ¨ K_vq e‡U! GKB †mevKv‡Ri Rb¨ †cÖwiZ A_P G‡K
Ac‡ii wcQ‡b †j‡M _vKv A‡b‡Ki e` Af¨v‡mB cwiYZ n‡q‡Q| ZvB AhvwPZ aŸsmvZ¥K
mgv‡jvPbv, †bwZevPK gšÍe¨, MvwjMvjvR, g›` ¯^fve cwinvi Aek¨B eR©b Ki‡Z n‡e|
DcišÍ hvRK †Kvb fzj Ki‡j Zv‡K ms‡kvab n‡Z my‡hvM, mgq Ges mevZ¥©K mvnvh¨
mn‡hvMxZv Ki‡Z mevB‡K GwM‡q Avm‡Z n‡e| Gi Rb¨ cÖ‡Z¨KR‡biB BwZevPK g‡bvfve †cvlY
Kiv, Ab¨‡K MÖnY I ÿgv Kivi gb gvbwmKZv wbR Rxe‡b m„wó Kiv DwPZ|
‡kl
K_v Ges Av‡iv KZ¸wj ÁvZe¨ welqmg~n: bZzb cyivZb †h hvRKB ewj bv †Kb Zv‡K
Aek¨B `~i`„wó m¤úbœ I Kg©V n‡Z n‡e| gÐjx‡Z mKj wkï, hyeK-hyeZx, bvix, cyiæl‡K
wek¦v‡mi Dchy³ AvPi AvPiY I Rxebhvcb, gvbexq, ˆbwZKZv m¤ú‡K© wkÿv ‡`Iqv, Drmvn
cÖ`vb| wewfbœ agx©q I mvgvwRK wkÿvg~jK Abyôvb Kiv, Lªxóf³‡`i wbR `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨
m¤ú‡K© m‡PZb Kiv| ag©cjøxi AeKvVv‡gvi ‰Zixi mv‡_ mv‡_ f³gÐjx‡KI MVb, wkÿv I
cÖ¯‘Z Kiv| wewfbœ cÖwZôvb, msN mgevq mwgwZ, Av‡›`vjb I `vZe¨ ms¯’v‡K mgš^q K‡i
mwVK w`K wb‡`©kbv `vb Kiv| ag©cjøx, MÖvg, eøK I cÖwZwU cwiev‡i wek¦v‡mi
Rxebhvc‡b Ges cÖv_©bvq Av‡iv m‡PZb n‡Z wkÿv †`Iqv Ges wewfbœ Abyôv‡bi Av‡qvRb Kiv|
Lªxóf³‡`i g‡a¨ wek¦vm‡K Av‡iv my`„p Kivi Rb¨ mvay mvaŸx‡`i Rxeb wfwËK cÖvgvY¨
wPÎ, Qwe, bvUK I Mv‡bi Av‡qvRb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| wbKU¯’ wKQz cwievi, MÖvg, ag©cjøx
I cÖwZôvb GK‡Î wg‡j wek¦v‡mi ev †cÖi‡Yi w`b cvjb Kiv ev gÐjxi †cÖiY Kv‡Ri wel‡q
I cÖPv‡i e¨vcK AskMÖn‡Yi wbwg‡Ë mfv-†mwgbvi, Av‡jvPbv mfv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| GB KvR
¸wj wKš‘ hvRKB m¤úv`b Ki‡eb Zvi f³‡`i msMwVZ K‡i| ZvB GB mKj cyY¨ †mev Kv‡h©i
Rb¨ Awfwl³ hvRKMY G‡K Ac‡ii mvnvh¨ mn‡hvMxZvq GwM‡q Avm‡Z cv‡ib, fvB hvRK‡K
mg_©b, GK‡Î wkÿv AR©b I Av`vb cÖ`v‡bi gva¨‡g cvi¯úvwiK m¤úK© e„w× Ki‡Z cv‡ib| GB
fv‡eB fwel¨‡Zi hvRK‡`i Ges Awfwl³ hvRK‡`i MVb, wkÿv I mg_©b Rvbv‡bv m¤¢e e‡j
Avwg Avgiv mK‡j g‡b Kwi|
1.
`xß mvÿ¨, 39 el©, 2q msL¨v, cweÎ AvZ¥v D”P †mwgbvix, ebvbx, XvKv, 2013
Lªxóel©|
2.
cÖ`xcb, 38 el©, Rvbyqvix-Ryb 1-2
msL¨v, cweÎ AvZ¥v D”P †mwgbvix,
ebvbx, XvKv, 2014 Lªxóel©|
3.
dv`vi wR. AvMwób: Avgvi
ag©-cy¯ÍK, mvay †hv‡md †cÖm, K…òbMi, b`xqv, 1993 Lªxóel©|
4.
dv`vi d«vwÝm M‡gR mxgv I dv`vi evbv©W cvjgv (m¤úvw`Z): 2q fvwZKvb gnvmfvi `wjj mg~n, evsjv‡`k
wekc-mw¤§jbx, XvKv, 1990 Lªxóel©|
5.
wg‡kj, Ugvm: Lªxó
wek¦v‡mi cwiwPwZ, RvZxq ag©xq I mvgvwRK cÖwkÿY †K›`ª, h‡kvi, 2006 Lªxóel©||
6.
Kv_wjK gÊjxi ag©wkÿv, Kv_wjK wekc
mw¤§jbx, XvKv, 2000 Lªxóel©|
7.
†KvovBqv, dv: Mvweª‡qj(m¤úvw`Z): ag©cÖ‡`kxq hvRK nevi R‡b¨, wewWwcGd, XvKv, 1999 Lªxóel©|